Having a backyard deck can provide a lovely space for relaxing, entertaining, and enjoying the outdoors. While it may seem daunting, with the right planning and materials, building a DIY backyard deck can be an achievable weekend project. Here are 8 beautiful yet easy DIY deck ideas to inspire your backyard upgrade.
Choosing the Right Spot
When selecting the location for your DIY backyard deck, consider how you plan to use the space. Think about traffic flow from indoor to outdoor areas, exposure to sunlight at different times of day, and privacy. Be sure to check on any requirements for setbacks from property lines or obstructions like trees. An open, level area of the yard that connects to your home’s exits makes an ideal deck location.
Obtaining Permits
Depending on your local regulations, you may need permits to construct a DIY deck over a certain size. Building codes provide important safety guidelines, so don’t skip this step. Your local building department can explain permit requirements and processes for obtaining approvals. Pulling the proper permits is essential to avoiding problems down the road.
Planning the Design
Map out the deck’s shape and footprint, entryways, and any built-in benches or planter boxes. Consider the size of furnishings and circulation space needed. A professional deck design software program allows you to experiment with layouts and get a materials estimate. For a simple rectangular or square shape, sketching it yourself is fine. Just be sure to have an accurate plan before starting.
Choosing Decking Materials
Decking boards make up your walking surface and greatly impact the final look. Wood and composite boards are popular options. Here are some of the pros and cons of each:
- Wood: Cedar and redwood resist rot and insects naturally but require periodic sealing, staining, or painting. Pressure-treated pine is more affordable but still needs coating for protection.
- Composite: Made from recycled wood and plastic, composites resist weather and wear well. They cost more initially but require less long-term maintenance.
Evaluate how the deck will be used, plus your budget, to select appropriate deck boards. Quality matters more than the type of material.
Structural Supports
Beneath the decking, you’ll need a framework of joists supported by posts and footings. This framework bears all the weight and distributes it properly to the ground.
- Joists: These boards, typically 2×8 or 2×10, should be spaced 16 inches on center. The joist span between posts impacts the thickness needed.
- Posts: 4×4 or 6×6 posts provide vertical supports. Embed posts in concrete footings below the frost line for stability.
- Footings: Poured concrete piers at least 42 inches deep work well in most soils. Pre-cast footings or screw anchors are other options.
Consult building codes for specifics on structural requirements in your area.
Allowing for Proper Drainage
Poor drainage will cause unsafe, unsightly, and potentially damaging conditions on your DIY deck. Plan the slope so water readily drains away from the home and off the deck. Most codes require at least 1/4 inch of vertical drop per horizontal foot of decking. Leaving gaps between decking boards also allows rainfall to drain.
Incorporating Railings and Stairs
Unless very low to the ground, decks need a perimeter railing for safety. Balusters spaced 4 inches apart or less prevent falling between rails. Stairs with a graspable handrail allow easy access on and off the deck. Design the stairs wide enough for comfortable passage and at an angle conforming to code. Prefabricated railings and stairs make installation easier.
Securing Required Permits
Prior to work, check on permit needs for backyard decks in your area. Many municipalities require permits for decks over a certain size or height above grade. Inspections may be needed at different construction stages. Allow time for the permitting process before deck building begins.
Gathering Your Building Materials
Once the design is set, make a detailed list of the needed deck building supplies. This may include lumber, decking, hardware, fasteners, concrete, and tools you need to rent or purchase. Acquire all materials prior to the start of construction. Correct any issues with damaged or defective materials before you begin installation.
Working Safely
Construction tasks, power tools, and working at heights all call for safety precautions. Use sturdy ladders, scaffolding, or lifts properly when needed. Wear protective eye, ear, and breathing protection. Keep the work area clean and free of tripping hazards. Take steps to prevent injuries before they happen on your DIY deck project.
Starting with Demolition as Needed
If replacing an existing deck, tear down the old one completely first. Removing debris and vegetation from the site provides a clean slate for new construction. Take care not to impact buried pipes or electrical lines during demolition. Handle hazardous materials properly when dismantling an older deck.
Laying Out the Footprint
Drive stakes to mark the corners and perimeter of your planned deck. Use string lines between the stakes to outline the footprint. Measure diagonally between opposing corners to ensure the layout is square. Review the markings against your plan and make any needed adjustments before moving on.
Digging Holes for Footings
Use shovels, post hole diggers, or an auger to excavate footing holes. Dig each hole slightly larger than the pier or footing that will go in it. The depth must reach below the frost line for your climate zone, typically 12 to 48 inches. Inspect holes for adequate diameter, plumb sides, and depth before pouring concrete.
Pouring Concrete Footings
Form tubes hold the concrete sides of poured footings, while the hole bottom forms the bottom. Place posts in the tubes, brace plumb, and fill with concrete. Mound soil around bases to divert water. For pre-cast footings, level the gravel base before setting the piers and posts. Follow manufacturer instructions.
Framing the Deck Structure
Measure from footing locations and mark where beams will intersect posts. Notch 6×6 posts to receive beams. Install headers between posts, fastening with galvanized joist hangers. Position joists 16 inches on center and attach to headers with more hangers. Reinforce connections with galvanized nails or deck screws.
Adding Blocking for Stiffness
Short sections of 2x lumber installed between joists are known as blocking. This ties joists together and stiffens the frame against wracking. Use pressure-treated lumber and sink nails into the sides, not the ends, for strength. Place blocks every 4 to 6 feet down the length of the joists.
Installing the Decking
When the framework is complete, you’re ready for the visible decking surface. Start in a corner and work outward in each direction. Allow 1/8 inch gaps between boards for drainage and expansion. Stagger end joints between rows for better stability. Fasten boards with two stainless steel screws at each joist for a secure, slip-resistant surface.
Building Railings with Balusters
Mount 4×4 posts plumb at the deck’s corners and ends for railings. Run 2×6 rails between them at top and bottom of the required height. Drill baluster holes every 4 inches on center. Place balusters in the holes and fasten. Use decorative baluster patterns if desired. Follow local codes for safe railing height and openings.
Adding Stairs from Ground to Deck
Pre-made stair stringers ensure proper rise and run spacing between treads. Fasten stringers to deck rim joists and footings below. Place treads cut from decking boards and secure to stringers. Build a railing with posts, balusters, and graspable handrails on at least one side for safety.
Accessorizing Your Deck
Consider adding built-in benches, planter boxes, trellises, a fire pit, or other features to enhance your DIY deck. Building these from decking scraps can provide a matching custom look. Position accessories where they will best complement the deck’s use.
Performing Final Safety Checks
Before relaxation and fun on your deck, take time to ensure safe conditions for occupants. Inspect the structure, railings, stairs, and hardware thoroughly. Check for loose components or fasteners. Repair any issues immediately to prevent injuries.
Maintaining Your Deck Investment
Keep your backyard deck looking its best with periodic cleaning and maintenance. Sweep away debris, scrub stains, and reseal or recoat wood decking as needed. Inspect for cracking, rot, termites, or other damage. Make repairs quickly to extend the deck’s service life.
Building your own backyard deck is an attainable DIY project that can add beauty, enjoyment, and property value. Use these tips for planning, permits, materials, construction steps, and maintenance. Take it one stage at a time for a successful, safe outdoor living space you’ll appreciate for years to come. Let your imagination run wild when designing a gorgeous yet easy deck getaway just steps from your home.
Common Backyard Deck Styles
When planning a DIY backyard deck, there are several design styles to consider. The shape, elevation, and detailing you choose impact both aesthetics and function.
Ground-Level Deck
Resting directly on the ground or slightly raised, this style offers easy access and flexible uses. It can extend a patio space or connect to a slope. Integrate a mix of hardscapes and plantings.
Raised Deck
Ideal for uneven yards, raised decks lift the surface above ground level for better views. Allow at least 30 inches of clearance beneath for a spacious feel. Add skirting around the sides.
Multi-Level Deck
Steps, platforms, and multiple levels work beautifully on sloped sites. Stairs and walkways link the tiers together in this appealingly intricate style.
Wraparound or L-Shaped Deck
Wrapping around a corner or along two sides of a home, L-shaped decks maximize outdoor living space. An angle or curve softens the layout.
Polygon or Freeform Deck
For a modern look, opt for unconventional shapes like polygons, bump-outs, curves, or angles. This works well for large or irregularly shaped yards.
Pergola Deck
A pergola overhead provides shade while allowing breezes through its open roof. Often featured in Mediterranean or tropical design, it defines a cozy gathering space.
Deck Design Tips and Tricks
Attention to a few key elements in your DIY deck design will ensure an attractive, functional backyard addition.
- Blend the deck shape and finishes with your home’s existing style for a cohesive look.
- Select decking wood tone and grain to complement siding, stone, or other exterior finishes.
- Curve deck edges and add interesting angles or patterns for ornate flair.
- Incorporate built-in benches, planters, lighting, and other features for extra charm.
- Include a mix of shaded and sunny areas to enjoy throughout the day.
- Allow enough space between decking boards for water drainage.
- Maximize views and breezes by minimizing railings while observing safety codes.
- Invest in high-quality materials for weather-resistance and longevity.
- Make a DIY deck the same level or nearly flush with indoor floor heights for easy access.
- Ramp any elevation changes for wheelchair accessibility if needed.
- Check that planned furniture and amenities will fit the deck dimensions.
- Use corner stairs rather than middle stairs if attachable to the home.
With thoughtful planning and some personal touches, your DIY deck can become a backyard oasis with style.
Choosing Deck Colors
The hue you paint or stain your decking and railings impacts the entire look. Consider existing exterior colors and your style preferences when selecting deck colors.
Neutral natural wood tones like light oak or tan are versatile and timeless. For a pop of color, pastel hues like robin’s egg blue or sage green complement many home styles. Deeper tones like walnut and espresso have a modern flair. For a coastal cottage look, consider beachy light greys or reds.
Remember to factor in how the color will appear in different seasons and daylight. Lighter colors show markings more easily, while dark colors absorb heat. Samples make it easy to view colors on the actual decking wood before finalizing your decision.
Incorporating Lighting
Proper lighting transforms a deck from day to night use. When planning lighting, consider ambiance, safety, and activities.
Ambient: For overall illumination, space low-voltage fixtures or mini-post lights around the perimeter. This allows safe movement and awareness.
Task: Focus bright LED or xenon lighting on stair treads for visibility. Add a spotlight to highlight architectural or landscaping details.
Accent: Candle lanterns, string lights, and under-rail lighting create festive flair. Uplights in trees cast a moonlight glow.
Select finish colors to coordinate with the decking. Use dimmers and timers to control when lights activate. Install lighting early in the building process for easy access. Proper lighting takes your DIY deck from day to night enjoyment.
Planning for Entertaining
A backyard deck expands your living space to accommodate entertaining guests. When planning your layout, consider the following:
- Allow for ample food prep space with counter areas and sink access.
- Incorporate built-in bar or buffet features for serving.
- Include seating and tables for dining your expected number of guests.
- Add mood lighting such as string lights or lanterns overhead.
- Select furnishings that can adapt to conversational groups or activity areas.
- Factor in space for safe circulation and mingling between seating areas.
- Supply power outlets for music, lighting, or other needs.
- Position stairs, doors, and railings to simplify transporting supplies outside.
With smart furnishing choices and logical layout, your DIY deck can become the ultimate spot for hosting social gatherings.
Building Code Considerations
Deck construction must meet guidelines in your local building codes. Key requirements may involve:
- Allowable decking materials
- Structure dimensions and spacing
- Post sizes and footing depths
- Railing height and baluster spacing
- Stair rise, run, and landing size
- Electrical system specs
- Required permits and inspections
Codes provide crucial guidance for safe construction. Some municipalities may have specific deck regulations. Always check with your local building department before planning to ensure your DIY deck adheres to code. This prevents painful and expensive rework down the road.
Working Around Trees
Trees help integrate a backyard deck visually with nature. When building around existing trees, protect them with the following methods:
- Plan footings and posts well outside the tree’s drip line area.
- Avoid injuring roots by hand-digging or tunneling rather than trenching.
- Prune only the minimum lower branches needed for overhead deck clearance.
- Prevent soil compaction by minimizing traffic inside the drip line.
- Water trees whose roots are impacted during construction.
Take extra care during building to preserve valuable trees. However, also consider fall leaves, sap, and other long-term cleanup factors when situating your DIY deck.
Fire Safety Tips
Decks can be prone to fire hazards from combustible materials, heat sources, and poor maintenance. Reduce risks by taking these precautions:
- Use fire-rated composite decking instead of real wood.
- Keep the area beneath the deck clear of debris and regularly remove fallen leaves.
- Position barbecue grills, fire pits, and chimineas well away from the structure.
- Avoid open flames on very windy, dry days in fire-prone climates.
- Inspect regularly for deteriorating or splitting wood, which is vulnerable to ignition.
- Store flammable patio and cooking supplies properly indoors when not in use.
Fire safety should be part of routine deck care and activity planning. Be prepared with an extinguisher and hose nearby.
Pest Protection
Insects, rodents, and decay can compromise the integrity of backyard decks over time. Deter pests and prevent damage using these tactics:
- Select naturally rot-resistant woods like cedar, cypress, or treated pine.
- Allow sunlight and air circulation under the deck to deter termites.
- Avoid framing styles that trap moisture against wood.
- Routinely apply water-repellent sealants to decking.
- Correct any drippy outdoor faucets near the deck.
- Trim back encroaching shrubs and vines from around the deck.
- Fill cracks and damaged boards that allow entry to the framework.
- Check under the deck for signs of nests, trails, or wood damage.
Prevention is the best long-term pest control strategy for protecting your deck.
Budget Planning Tips
Creating a backyard deck on a budget is achievable with smart planning and prioritization. Consider these strategies:
- Check for off-season discounts and lumber package deals to save on supplies.
- Simplify the shape and access points to minimize labor and materials.
- Build a smaller initial deck, leaving room to add on later for phased investment.
- Use common dimensional lumber for framing instead of more costly engineered products.
- Save on surface materials by using simpler railing and baluster designs.
- DIY installation with friends reduces labor costs versus hiring a contractor.
- Consider a low-maintenance ground-level deck versus higher elevated versions.
- Delay extras like lighting, plantings, and storage features until the basic deck is built.
With savvy planning, you can create an enjoyable outdoor living space while sticking to your budget.
FAQs
Here are answers to some frequently asked questions about building DIY backyard decks:
How deep should deck footings be?
Deck footings must extend below the frost line for your climate zone, which is typically 12 to 48 inches. Local building codes specify the required footing depth.
Should deck joists be spaced 12″ or 16″ on center?
Deck joists are commonly spaced either 12 or 16 inches on center. The 16″ spacing is sufficient for most residential deck loads. Go with 12″ spacing if planning