Installing a wood fence around your home can increase privacy, security, and curb appeal. With the right planning and materials, installing a wood fence is a manageable DIY project for most homeowners. Here is a step-by-step guide on how to install a wood fence.
Choose the Fence Style and Height
There are several common wood fence styles to choose from:
- Privacy fence – A solid, tall fence with tightly spaced boards for maximum privacy. Height is usually 6 feet or taller.
- Picket fence – A decorative, open fence with pointed boards spaced along a rail. Usually 3-4 feet tall.
- Ranch rail fence – Horizontal slats between vertical posts with visible spacing. Usually 4-5 feet tall.
- Shadowbox fence – Alternating wide and narrow vertical boards that create a “shadowbox” effect. Usually 6 feet tall.
Consider the level of privacy and aesthetic look you want for your yard. Also check any homeowners association regulations for allowed fence heights and styles.
Prepare the Fence Line
Start by marking the proposed fence line with stakes and string. Check for any underground utilities by calling 811 before digging.
Remove any trees, stumps, or debris from the fence line area. Level the ground if needed so the bottom of the fence will have complete contact with the ground.
Install the Posts
Dig holes for the fence posts along the marked line, usually 8 to 12 feet apart. The holes should be at least 2-3 feet deep and about twice the width of the posts.
Place the posts in the holes and hold them steady and plumb. Pour concrete into the holes and allow to fully cure, usually about 48 hours.
Attach Rails and Pickets
Most wood fences start with securing horizontal rails between the posts. Use galvanized screws or nails to attach 2×4 or 2×6 rails to the inside of the posts.
If building a privacy fence, attach vertical boards to the rails starting at one end. Leave 1-2 inches between boards for airflow.
For picket fences, attach pickets between the top, middle, and bottom rails with galvanized finish nails. Space pickets evenly between the rails.
Add Decorative Touches
For extra decoration or privacy, attach lattice along the top rail between posts. A cap on top of posts can also dress up the fence.
Use galvanized nails or screws to attach all decorative pieces to prevent rusting or deterioration.
Stain or Seal the Wood
Unstained cedar and redwood have some natural weather resistance. But applying a penetrating fence stain or sealer will help preserve the wood and enhance its beauty.
Be sure to prepare the wood by cleaning any dirt, dust, or mildew first. Always follow the product directions closely for application and drying time.
Maintain Your Fence
Expect to pressure wash and re-seal your wood fence every 2-4 years. Be on the lookout for sagging or damaged boards and make repairs promptly.
Trimming back vegetation right along the fence will allow air circulation and prevent moisture damage.
With the right installation and regular upkeep, a wood fence can last 15-20 years or more! Enjoy the privacy and charm a wood fence adds to your property.
Frequently Asked Questions About Installing a Wood Fence
How deep should I dig the holes for the fence posts?
Dig holes 2 to 3 feet deep for optimal stability, or to the frost line in cold climates. The holes should be about twice the width of the posts.
What is the best type of wood for a fence?
Cedar and redwood are naturally rot-resistant woods ideal for fencing. Pressure-treated pine is an affordable option that can last over 10 years. Avoid untreated pine which deteriorates quickly.
What kind of nails or screws should I use?
For longevity, use galvanized or stainless steel nails and screws. Electro-galvanized fasteners have the best corrosion resistance.
How much space should there be between fence boards?
Leave a 1-2 inch gap between boards to allow air circulation. Privacy fences have tight, snug boards. More spacing is used on picket or ranch fences.
How do I prevent warping or bowing fence boards?
Choose thicker, vertical grain boards and use proper supports like rails along the backside. Pre-drill boards prior to nailing to prevent splitting. Seal all sides of the wood.
Should I stain or paint my wood fence?
Stain is preferable for wood fences to preserve and protect while allowing the wood grain to show. Use a paint-stain hybrid for a semi-opaque look on pine.
How often should I re-stain my wood fence?
Every 2-4 years, clean and re-apply fence stain or sealer to protect the wood and enhance its appearance. Durability depends on the product used.
Conclusion
Building a wood fence creates an elegant, natural boundary around your yard. With sturdy posts set in concrete, quality wood selection, proper construction, and routine upkeep your wood fence can look beautiful for years to come. Be sure to check local regulations and building codes before getting started. Follow this guide for optimal tips and techniques to install wood fencing and add style, security, and privacy to your landscaping.