A chair rail is a decorative molding that runs horizontally around the walls of a room at a height traditionally used to prevent chair backs from damaging the walls. While originally functional, today chair rails are primarily decorative and can add elegance and visual interest to a space. In this comprehensive guide, we will cover everything you need to know about chair rails, from the different types of chair rail molding profiles to measuring, cutting, installing, and painting. Follow along for pro tips and advice to help you install chair rail molding with confidence.

What is Chair Rail Molding?

Chair rail molding is a decorative trim piece that is installed at waist height, about 30-36 inches up from the floor. The molding extends across the perimeter of a room, running horizontally to protect the lower wall from dings, scuffs, and damage from chair backs being pushed up against it.

Traditionally found in formal dining rooms, libraries, and parlors, chair rail molding is ornamental as well as practical. The chair rail forms a border that visually breaks up the vertical expanse of walls. It adds elegance and architecture to spaces with its classic profiles.

In addition to guarding walls from chair damage, chair rails can also serve as a decorative panel divider. The area below the chair rail can be painted or wallpapered differently than the upper walls above it. This two-tone decorative treatment further accentuates the horizontality of the molding.

Types of Chair Rail Profiles

There are many profiles or cross-sections to choose from when selecting a chair rail molding style. The shape of the profile will create a distinct look. Consider your room’s architectural style when choosing a chair rail design.

Traditional Chair Rail Profiles

Colonial – Simple L-shape, resembles a ledge. Angled wall meets horizontal wall.

Federal – Thin delicate strip, squared edges.

Victorian – Elaborate curved shapes, decorative edges.

Contemporary Chair Rail Profiles

Scalloped – Swooping curves, reminiscent of ocean waves.

Reeded – Vertical concave ribs, classical Greek/Roman columns.

Square – Clean crisp lines, modern minimalism.

Chair Rail Materials

Chair rail moldings are crafted from various materials including wood, polystyrene foam, polyurethane, and plastic. Consider factors like budget, durability, ease of installation, and style when selecting a material.

Wood – Natural beauty, warmth, intricate detail. Can be painted or stained. Prone to warping.

Polyurethane – Flexible, won’t warp. Takes paint well. Affordable. Lightweight.

Polystyrene Foam – Dense, rigid, smooth finish. Budget-friendly.

PVC/Vinyl – Durable, moisture-resistant. Limited style options.

Measurements and Calculations

Installing a chair rail requires careful measuring and planning. Review the measurements of your space and use them to calculate the length of chair rail needed.

Room Dimensions

Use a tape measure to find the length and width of your room. Note the length of each wall. Walls are often not perfectly square or straight. For accuracy, measure along the actual length of the wall rather than just the horizontal space.

Measure corner to corner for the most precise diagonal room dimensions. Account for any alcoves, bay windows, or other architectural details.

Chair Rail Height

Standard chair rail height is 32-36 inches from the floor. If desired, adjust up or down slightly to align with other trimwork or fixtures in the room.

Use a level and tape measure to mark the height all the way around the room. This guides installation of the top edge of the molding.

Molding Length Needed

Add up the linear length of the bottom edge of the chair rail for each wall. Multiply by two to account for both top and bottom edges.

For example, if you have 30 feet of wall space, you will need 60 linear feet of chair rail molding. Purchase 10% extra to allow for imperfect cuts.

Cutting Chair Rail Molding

Follow these steps to neatly cut chair rail molding to size:

Materials Needed

• Chair rail molding
• Miter saw or miter box with saw
• Coping saw (for inside corners)
• Carpenter’s square
• Wood filler
• Sandpaper

Cutting Tips

• Support longer pieces to prevent sagging when cutting.
• Use a fine-toothed blade for clean cuts without splintering.
• Keep blade sharpened.
• Cut workable lengths under 8 feet.
• Seal cut ends with primer or paint to prevent moisture damage.

Cutting Outside Corners

• Mark height all around room with level.
• Hold piece in place, mark where it intersects with adjacent wall.
• Cut end at 45° angle (miter) to form corner.

Cutting Inside Corners

• Overcut the vertical line with a coping saw.
• Test fit cope cut, trim more if needed for tight fit.
• Sand cut smooth. Apply wood filler to holes or gaps if needed.

Installing Chair Rail Molding

Follow these best practices for properly installing chair rail:

Materials Needed

• Chair rail molding
• Construction adhesive
• Finishing nails
• Stud finder
• Laser level
• Hammer
• Nail set
• Touch-up markers

Installation Tips

• Find and mark stud locations for secure attachment.
• Use adhesive for strongest hold and to reduce nail holes.
• Pre-drill molding to prevent splitting.
• Use nail set to countersink nails. Fill holes with touch-up marker.
• For clean joints, cope cut inside corners.
• Use scarf joints for better seam concealment on long runs.
• Install crown molding first if room has both. Chair rail goes lower.
• Use laser level to ensure chair rail is perfectly straight and level.
• Take time to position pieces carefully for best fit before nailing.

Height and Level

• Measure up from floor and use level to mark height.
• Laser levels project horizontal line across room for accuracy.
• Run laser level line along chalk line to guide mounting.
• Check level frequently to catch any drift from the line.

How to Finish and Paint Chair Rail

Apply a beautiful painted finish to your installed chair rail with these techniques:

Prep and Repair

• Inspect for defects and fill with wood filler. Allow to dry completely.
• Sand smooth with fine grit sandpaper. Dust off.
• Use painter’s caulk to fill gaps between molding and wall. Smooth and wipe clean when dry.

Priming

• Prime with an interior primer like Kilz or Zinsser.
• Primer helps topcoat adhesion and prevents wood tannins from bleeding through.
• For painting, use water-based acrylic primer. For staining, use oil-based.

Painting Tips

• For trim, use interior semi-gloss or high gloss enamel paint.
• Roll edges first, then cut-in centers with angled brush.
• Use painter’s tape for clean edges along walls and ceiling.
• Apply two coats for coverage and durability. Lightly sand between coats.
• Work systematically around the room to prevent lap marks. Maintain a wet edge.

Staining Tips

• Apply gel stain with a rag or foam brush.
• Remove excess stain for desired look.
• Protect with polyurethane for sheen and protection.

Chair Rail Ideas and Inspiration

While traditionally used in dining rooms, creative applications of chair rail can lend style to any room.

Entryways

Ground the space visually and protect walls from knocks and scrapes. Opt for wider profiles or layered designs.

Bathrooms

Add refined elegance. Use chair rail to border a decorative wallpaper or tile below.

Kitchens

Protect walls from splatters and knocks while defining the aesthetic. Pair with open shelving.

Living Rooms

Use chair rail panelling to create a stately look. Works well in traditional spaces.

Bedrooms

Frame the bed visually and incorporate as a nightstand shelf. Opt for softer profiles.

Home Offices

Paint it a bold color for a personalized backdrop. Add interest to plain walls.

Kids’ Rooms

Paint whimsical designs below chair rail. Use it to display artwork and photos.

Frequently Asked Questions About Chair Rail

What is the standard height for chair rail?

The typical chair rail height is 32-36 inches above the floor. This allows it to protect walls from damage in spaces where chairs are often scooted out and sat on.

Should chair rail match crown molding?

It is common to use matching profiles for chair rail and crown molding. However, mixing styles, shapes, and finishes can look intentional and eclectic. Go with what fits your design vision.

What color should I paint my chair rail?

Paint the chair rail the same color as walls for a subtle integrated look. For contrast, use a lighter or darker tone. Whites and greys keep it classic while any bold color adds drama.

What rooms should have chair rail?

In addition to formal dining rooms, chair rail works well in parlors, foyers, libraries, kitchens, bathrooms, living rooms, and bedrooms. Use in any room you want to add architectural detail.

What was chair rail originally used for?

Chair rail molding historically served the practical purpose of protecting walls from being damaged by chair backs rubbing and scraping against them. The decorative molding prevented costly repairs.

Can you install chair rail horizontally?

Chair rail molding is designed to be installed horizontally around the perimeter of a room. Installing in vertical orientation is not recommended as it serves no functional purpose and will not look correct.

Conclusion

The right chair rail molding can inject decorative sophistication into rooms throughout your home. With some careful planning and elbow grease, you can install this elegant detail to enhance the architecture of your space. Use this guide to select the perfect chair rail style and profile for your needs. Measure precisely, neatly cut pieces to fit, and use best practices for smooth installation. Finally, apply a primed and painted finish to showcase your chair rail in all its decorative glory.

Table of Contents

• What is Chair Rail Molding?
• Types of Chair Rail Profiles
  • Traditional Chair Rail Profiles
  • Contemporary Chair Rail Profiles
  • Chair Rail Materials
• Measurements and Calculations
  • Room Dimensions
  • Chair Rail Height
  • Molding Length Needed
• Cutting Chair Rail Molding
  • Materials Needed
  • Cutting Tips
  • Cutting Outside Corners
  • Cutting Inside Corners
• Installing Chair Rail Molding
  • Materials Needed
  • Installation Tips
  • Height and Level
• How to Finish and Paint Chair Rail
  • Prep and Repair
  • Priming
  • Painting Tips
  • Staining Tips
• Chair Rail Ideas and Inspiration
  • Entryways
  • Bathrooms
  • Kitchens
  • Living Rooms
  • Bedrooms
  • Home Offices
  • Kids’ Rooms
• Frequently Asked Questions About Chair Rail
• Conclusion