Monstera acacoyaguensis is a rare, climbing species of monstera that is native to Central and South America. With its intricate fenestrations, vibrant green leaves, and vining growth habit, this plant makes an eye-catching addition to any plant collection. However, successfully growing this uncommon aroid can be challenging. This comprehensive guide will provide tips and techniques for growing and caring for Monstera acacoyaguensis in cultivation.
Overview of Monstera Acacoyaguensis
Monstera acacoyaguensis, also known as the narrow form monstera, is a Central and South American species that is found growing as an epiphyte on the trunks and branches of trees in tropical forests.
This monstera was first discovered and described in 1971. Since its introduction to cultivation, acacoyaguensis has become a highly desirable collector’s item due to its dissected, hole-filled leaves and comparatively slow growth rate.
Some key facts about Monstera acacoyaguensis:
- Native Habitat: Rainforests of Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, and Ecuador
- Plant Type: Evergreen perennial vine/epiphyte
- Mature Size: Up to 3-6 feet tall as a vine; leaves are 4-8 inches long
- Growth Pattern: Climbing vine; aerial roots cling to supports
- Leaf Appearance: Oblong, pinnately cut leaves with many oval-shaped fenestrations
- Flowers: Rarely flowers indoors; produces a cream-colored spathe and spadix
- Light Requirements: Bright, indirect light
- Watering Needs: Allow soil to partially dry out between waterings
- Humidity Needs: Prefers average to high humidity
One of the most distinguishing features of M. acacoyaguensis is the intricate holes and fenestrations that develop in the leaves as the plant matures. This gives the foliage a lace-like appearance. The leaves emerge with no holes, then slits and ovals begin to form over time. Mature leaves can have 10 or more oval-shaped fenestrations.
Acacoyaguensis is slower growing than some other monsteras. It can take 3 years or longer for a small plant to reach maturity. With proper care, it can eventually achieve lengths of 10 feet or more as a vine.
How to Grow Monstera Acacoyaguensis
Caring for acacoyaguensis requires paying close attention to several key factors: lighting, temperature, humidity, watering, and support. Follow these tips to successfully grow this uncommon monstera variety:
Provide Bright, Indirect Light
In its native habitat, M. acacoyaguensis grows under the canopy of tropical forests where it receives dappled sun. Recreate similar conditions at home by providing your plant with bright, indirect light. Some options include:
- Placing the plant near a south or west facing window where it gets a few hours of morning or late afternoon sun. Filter the light with a sheer curtain.
- Situating it 6-8 feet away from an unobstructed east facing window.
- Using artificial grow lights to supplement natural sunlight if needed. LED plant lights work well.
Avoid direct hot sunlight which can scorch the foliage. Leaves should be a vibrant green, not yellowing or bleached. Rotate the plant periodically so all sides receive light.
Maintain Warm Temperatures
This tropical vine thrives in warm conditions between 65-80°F. Temperatures below 60°F can cause growth to slow or stop.
Use a small space heater or grow lights to maintain temperatures if your home is consistently cool. In summer, acacoyaguensis can tolerate higher temperatures up to 85°F. Just avoid hot, dry air from air conditioning vents blowing directly on the plant.
Provide Consistent Moisture
Monstera acacoyaguensis prefers evenly moist (but not soggy) soil. Water thoroughly whenever the top several inches of the potting mix become dry. The soil should not be allowed to dry out completely between waterings.
Provide extra moisture in the air by misting the plant daily or using a pebble tray. Low humidity can cause leaf tips to turn brown.
Check that the pot has drainage holes and use a well-aerated potting mix to prevent overly wet roots.
Increase Humidity
This tropical plant thrives in average home humidity (40-50%) but prefers higher humidity if possible. Ideal conditions would be 60% or greater.
Options for increasing moisture in the air include:
- Using a humidifier
- Placing pots on a pebble tray filled with water
- Grouping plants together to create a moist microclimate
- Misting leaves frequently with room temperature water
Avoid situating plants near heating/cooling vents which can dry the air.
Provide a Support for Growth
In nature, M. acacoyaguensis uses its aerial roots to cling to the bark of trees as it climbs upwards. Provide a similar vertical support in your home like a moss pole, coco coir pole, or sturdy trellis.
Gently tie or pin the growing stems to the support using soft plant ties or twist ties. Don’t allow the spreading stems to hang down without support or they can snap under their own weight.
As the plant matures, the aerial roots will cling to the support on their own. Rotate the plant occasionally so it grows evenly on all sides rather than just facing the window.
Use a Well-Draining Aroid Mix
Use a chunky, aroid specific potting mix that provides quick drainage. A good blend contains:
- Coconut coir or peat moss for moisture retention
- Perlite, pumice, or bark chips to keep soil airy
- Worm castings or compost for nutrients
Orchid mixes also work well. Pot in a container with drainage holes using fresh mix anytime roots fill the pot.
Fertilize Regularly During Growth
Feed with a diluted liquid fertilizer every 2-3 weeks in spring and summer when actively growing. Reduce frequency in fall and winter.
A balanced houseplant formula that contains micronutrients is beneficial. Avoid overfertilizing which can burn roots or leaves.
Increase Air Circulation
Use oscillating fans or open windows regularly to circulate fresh air around monstera plants. Good air flow helps prevent issues like fungal diseases.
Just avoid cold drafts directly on the foliage which can shock this tropical plant. Careful air circulation is especially helpful in humid climates.
How to Propagate Monstera Acacoyaguensis
Propagating acacoyaguensis can be done in a few ways. This allows you to multiply your plant without spending money on new specimens!
Propagate by Stem Cuttings
Take 4-6 inch stem tip cuttings that include 1-2 nodes/aerial roots. Remove the bottom-most leaves and place in water or moist sphagnum moss.
Roots and new foliage will emerge at the nodes over the next few weeks. Once rooted, pot up in aroid mix.
Propagate by Air Layering
Air layer a mature, climbing stem while it’s still attached to the mother plant. Wrap moist sphagnum moss around a section of bare stem then seal it up with plastic wrap.
When roots form in the moss, detach and pot up the newly propagated section of vine.
Propagate by Division
Carefully divide the rhizome when repotting, ensuring each division has some roots and growth nodes attached. Plant divisions in small pots and provide high humidity as they establish.
Start Plants from Seeds (Advanced)
Like other aroids, seeds can be tricky to germinate. For best results, sow fresh seeds in sterile media and maintain high humidity and warmth. Germination may take several months and plants grow slowly at first.
Common Problems When Caring for Monstera Acacoyaguensis
Here are some common challenges you may encounter when raising this species:
Yellow, Crispy Leaves
If the leaves turn yellow or brown at the edges, it’s usually a sign of low humidity. Try increasing the humidity around the plant using the techniques listed above.
Drooping, Wilting Leaves
Leaves that droop or wilt can mean the plant is thirsty and needs more frequent watering. Check that the soil is not too dry between waterings.
Sparse Fenestrations
When grown in low light conditions, acacoyaguensis leaves may develop only minimal fenestrations or holes. Moving the plant to a brighter location often encourages more intricate perforations.
Slow Growth
This species is naturally slower growing than some other monsteras. Have patience, provide good care consistently, and your plant will eventually mature over several years. Avoid pushing growth with excessive fertilizer.
Pests Like Mealybugs & Spider Mites
Check regularly for small white mealybugs in leaf crevices. Treat with insecticidal soap. Spider mites can cause stippling damage; wipe leaves with a wet cloth to remove. Improve air circulation to deter pests.
With the proper growing conditions and care, Monstera acacoyaguensis makes a unique, eye-catching addition to any plant collection. Pay close attention to its lighting, humidity, and watering needs for a healthy, thriving vine.
Frequently Asked Questions About Growing Monstera Acacoyaguensis
How large do Monstera acacoyaguensis plants grow?
In ideal growing conditions, Monstera acacoyaguensis can reach lengths of 6-10 feet or more as a vining plant. The leaves typically reach 4-8 inches in length. It is a slower growing species, however, and can take 3 years or more to achieve full size from a small cutting.
Are Monstera acacoyaguensis plants rare?
Yes, acacoyaguensis is one of the rarer Monstera species in cultivation. It was first introduced to tropical plant collectors in the 1970s and has never been as common in the houseplant trade compared to faster-growing varieties like Monstera deliciosa. Its slower growth rate contributes to its collector appeal.
What type of soil does acacoyaguensis need?
These plants thrive in a chunky, well-draining potting mix made for tropical aroids. Combine materials like peat moss, perlite, orchid bark, and coconut coir. Soil should retain some moisture but also drain quickly to prevent soggy roots.
What is the best way to stake or support the vining stems?
Use a tall, sturdy moss pole, coco coir pole, or trellis. Gently tie the ascending stems in place using soft plant ties or twists ties, being careful not to damage the tender stems. Prune off any unwanted trailing sections. Over time the aerial roots will adhere to the support.
How much sunlight does acacoyaguensis require?
This monstera grows best in bright, indirect light for several hours per day. Some early morning or late afternoon direct sun is ok but avoid hot, direct midday sun which can burn the leaves. Light requirements are similar to other rainforest vines.
Should I mist my Monstera acacoyaguensis?
Light misting can help increase humidity around the plant. Use room temperature filtered water and avoid getting the leaves excessively wet. Allow foliage to dry out within a few hours to prevent disease. Misting works best when combined with other humidity-boosting tactics.
What are the pink spots on my Monstera acacoyaguensis leaves?
Pink spots or streaks on the foliage are likely due to a phosphate deficiency. This can occur when soil pH is too high. Remedy this by applying an acidic fertilizer made for tropical plants per label instructions to help lower the soil pH.
Why are the older leaves dying on my Monstera acacoyaguensis plant?
It’s normal for some of the oldest, lower leaves to yellow, dry up and fall off over time as the plant grows upwards and produces new leaves. As long as newer foliage looks healthy, this natural leaf drop is not a concern. Just remove the crispy leaves.
How do I propagate Monstera acacoyaguensis?
These monstera plants can be propagated by taking stem cuttings, through air layering of vining stems, or by dividing the rhizome when repotting. Root the cuttings or divisions in water or moss until new roots emerge before potting up.
Final Thoughts on Caring for This Uncommon Monstera
With its lace-like perforations and vining growth, Monstera acacoyaguensis makes a unique addition to any plant collection. Success with this species starts by replicating its native growing conditions – bright filtered light, high humidity, warm temperatures, and an airy, moisture-retentive soil. A sturdy support structure is also needed for the climbing stems.
While slow growing, this plant’s intricate foliage and rare appeal make it a worthwhile investment for patient Monstera enthusiasts. Provide consistent and attentive care, and your Monstera acacoyaguensis will thrive indoors for many years to come.