A roof is one of the most important parts of a home. It protects the interior from the elements and is a major design feature. When deciding on a roof style, two of the most popular options are the hip roof and the gable roof. But what exactly is the difference between these two roof types? In this article, we will compare hip roofs versus gable roofs – looking at their shapes, structure, pros and cons, cost, and ideal scenarios.

What is a Hip Roof?

A hip roof is a roof that slopes inward from all four exterior walls of a building. It is composed of four sloping sides that intersect at a ridge or peak in the middle. The sloping sides are also known as roof planes.

Some key characteristics of hip roofs:

• The four roof planes connect at the top to form a ridge or peak.
• All sides of the roof slope downwards to the eaves (outer edges).
• Hip roofs enclose the entire building and do not have any vertical gable ends.
• They have a pyramidal shape when viewed from above.

The downward slope of a hip roof is generally between 3:12 to 5:12. This means for every 12 horizontal inches, the roof drops 3 to 5 vertical inches. The steeper pitch allows water and debris to run off easily.

Hip roofs have been used in architecture for centuries and are seen in many types of buildings from residences to churches. Their complete enclosure makes them suitable for regions experiencing high winds or heavy snowfall.

What is a Gable Roof?

A gable roof is a ridged roof forming a triangular gable at both ends. The triangular walls underneath the two gables are called the gable ends.

Some key characteristics of gable roofs:

• Two roof planes sloping in opposite directions and intersecting at a central ridge.
• Gable ends (triangular walls) on both sides of the roof.
• Overhanging eaves on the other two non-gable sides.
• The ridge is centered between the gable ends.
• The roof slope is between 3:12 to 12:12.

Gable roofs are one of the most popular roof styles due to the simple structure and wide space underneath. The large sloped roof allows for increased ventilation and makes it easier to integrate architecture elements like dormers and skylights. The uncovered gable ends can also showcase decorative finishes like wood accents and brick/stone chimneys.

Hip Roof vs Gable Roof: Key Differences

Now that we understand the basics of hip and gable roofs, let’s summarize some of the main differences:

• Shape: Hip roofs slope on all four sides and do not have vertical gable ends. Gable roofs have two sloping sides that meet at a ridge and vertical gable ends on the other two sides.
• Structure: Hip roofs have four roof planes while gable roofs have two roof planes. Hip roofs require more complex framing.
• Pitch: Hip roofs usually have a lower slope around 3:12 to 5:12 while gable roofs can have a steeper pitch from 4:12 to 12:12.
• Attic Space: Hip roofs have limited attic space as the planes come together. Gable roofs have more usable attic space.
• Outlook: Hip roofs have a pyramid shape from above. Gable roofs look like a simple ridge with two triangular ends.
• Building Type: Hip roofs seen on all structure types. Gable roofs more common on residential buildings.
• Climate: Hip roofs suitable for high wind/snow regions due to enclosed structure. Gable ends can be prone to wind damage.
• Cost: Hip roofs require more materials and complex framing so tend to be more expensive than basic gable roofs.

The Pros and Cons of Hip Roofs

Advantages of Hip Roofs

• Enclosed structure and angled sides provide greater protection from wind, rain, and snow.
• The slope and downward direction on all sides allow for excellent drainage.
• Less prone to leaks compared to roof styles with valleys.
• Often considered more architecturally attractive than gable roofs.
• The pyramid shape can complement many architectural styles.
• Can be adapted to add dormers, skylights, and other elements.
• Typically more durable and longer-lasting than gable roofs.

Disadvantages of Hip Roofs

• More complex framing is required compared to a simple gable roof.
• Extra materials and labor increase installation costs.
• Not much usable space under the lower pitch and angled sides.
• Difficult to modify or extend as the roof is uniform on all sides.
• The enclosed structure lacks ventilation from gable ends.

The Pros and Cons of Gable Roofs

Advantages of Gable Roofs

• Simple construction with only two roof planes meeting at a ridge.
• The steeper slope and open gable ends allow good ventilation.
• Gable ends can showcase architectural details like chimneys.
• Provide more usable attic space due to the higher central ridge.
• Usually cost less than hip roofs or roofs with valleys.
• Easy to modify with dormers, skylights, and extensions.

Disadvantages of Gable Roofs

• The open gable ends can be damaged by strong winds and heavy rain.
• Prone to leaks at the valleys where the two roof planes meet.
• Ridge can collect debris, leaves, ice, and snow.
• Limited architectural styling as the gable ends dominate the outlook.
• Large overhanging eaves may be impractical on smaller lots.
• The steep slope makes it harder to install roof elements.

Hip Roof vs Gable Roof: Cost Comparison

In general, hip roofs cost 20-30% more than simple gable roofs:

• Hip roofs use more roofing material due to the four angled planes. Typical costs are $10-$14 per square foot installed.
• Gable roofs require less material for the two roof sections. Cost is $8-$12 per square foot installed.
• Framing labor is more extensive for hip roofs due to the complex structure and intersections. This can add $4,000-$8,000.
• Gable roofs have simpler framing with a central ridge beam and two rafters. Framing labor costs are lower.
• Hip roofs may need thicker decking to support the four roof planes. Decking costs start around $1 per square foot.
• Other factors like roof pitch, size, materials (asphalt, metal, slate etc), and accessories (vents, flashings) also affect the final installed cost.
• On a 2000 square foot roof, a basic asphalt shingle hip roof could cost $22,000-$28,000 while a comparable gable roof might cost $18,000-$22,000.

When to Choose a Hip Roof?

Here are some scenarios where a hip roof would be a good choice:

• Windy regions – the angled enclosed structure is less impacted by high winds.
• Areas with heavy snow – snow can slide off easily and won’t accumulate on a low-pitch hip roof.
• Wet climates – excellent drainage from the sloped sides avoids standing water issues.
• Architectural style – for Arts & Crafts, Victorian, and other styles that suit pyramidal roofs.
• Visually balanced appearance – hip roofs look proportional and integrated if the home walls have similar dimensions.
• Low-rise structures – the pyramid shape is ideal for bungalows, cottages, and small homes.
• Non-rectangular builds – the uniform slope looks cohesive on L-shaped, U-shaped, and other unique plans.
• Temporary structures – sheds and standalone garages often use hip roofs for the simple pitched drainage.

When to Choose a Gable Roof?

Here are scenarios where a gable roof is advantageous:

• Hot climates – airflow from the open gable ends provides ventilation and cooling.
• Budget-friendly option – simpler structure than hip roofs and other roof styles.
• ** Midwest and colonial architectural styles** – gable roofs complement these traditional designs.
• Multi-story homes – higher central ridge allows more headroom in upper levels and attic.
• Roof customizations – easier to add dormers, overhangs, skylights etc with a gable roof.
• Larger builds – gable roof structure is simpler for expansive square footage.
• Adding upper rooms later – unfinished attic space under the high ridge can be converted to living space.
• Temporary agricultural builds – basic sloped roof sheds water off equipment and materials.

Hip Roof vs Gable Roof: Which is Better?

There is no definitively “better” option between the two roof styles. The right choice comes down to:

• Climate conditions
• Architectural needs
• Budget
• Practical considerations like attic space
• Personal visual preferences

Gable roofs tend to be simpler and cheaper while hip roofs offer more protection and often look more attractive. If you aren’t sure which is better suited for your plans, consult a roofing contractor or architect to get their professional recommendation based on your home and location.

Conclusion

We’ve explored the primary differences between hip and gable roofs. To recap:

• Hip roofs slope on all four sides and enclose the structure. Gable roofs slope on two sides and have open gable ends.
• Hip roofs have a more complex structure while gable roofs are simpler to frame and build.
• Gable roofs provide more useable attic space while hip roofs offer better protection and drainage.
• Hip roofs are typically 20-30% more expensive due to more materials and labor.
• The ideal roof comes down to climate, budget, design, and personal preference.

If you are deciding between these two common roof types for your project, weigh the pros and cons carefully. And don’t hesitate to get professional advice from an architect or roofer. While the hip vs gable roof choice may seem strictly aesthetic, make sure you select the option that fits your needs and provides long-lasting performance.

Hip Roof vs Gable Roof Comparison Chart

| Factor | Hip Roof | Gable Roof |
|-|-|-|
| Shape | Slopes inwards from all 4 sides to create pyramid peak | Two roof planes meeting at central ridge with gable ends on the other sides |
| Structure | Four roof planes, complex framing | Two roof planes, simple framing |
| Pitch | Lower, typically 3:12 to 5:12 | Can be steeper 4:12 to 12:12 |
| Attic Space | Limited due to central peak | More usable attic space under higher ridge |
| Outlook | Pyramid shape from above | Triangular gable ends prominent |
| Building Types | On all structure types | Most common for residential buildings |
| Climate | Enclosed structure good for wind/snow | Gable ends prone to wind damage but allow ventilation |
| Cost | 20-30% more expensive due to materials and labor | Simple framing makes it a budget-friendly option|

Frequently Asked Questions About Hip vs Gable Roofs

Below are some common questions about hip and gable roofs:

Which is better in rain and snow?

Hip roofs tend to be better in wet climates since they slope downwards on all sides. This allows rain and snow to run off efficiently without pooling. The angled structure is also more resistant to leaks. Gable roofs can allow moisture ingress at the valley between roof planes.

Which roof shape is stronger?

Hip roofs are typically stronger than gable roofs since they have an enclosed structure and evenly distributed slopes. The pyramid shape can more effectively handle heavy snow, wind uplift, and other forces. Gable roofs have vulnerabilities at the vertical gable ends.

Can you add a gable to a hip roof?

Yes, it is possible to add a gable extension to a hip roof home. The gable portion intersects with the existing sloped hip planes to increase space and create an attractive hybrid shape. This also introduces a vertical gable end that needs weather protection.

Does a hip roof have more living space?

Gable roofs usually have more usable living space because the sloped sides meet at a higher central ridge point. This allows for full standing headroom and living conversions in the attic. Hip roofs limit space since the roofs slope downwards from all sides.

Is a hip roof harder to build?

Yes, hip roofs require more complex layouts and framing techniques since all four planes need to intersect cleanly. More materials are also needed compared to simple gable roofs. This makes hip roofs about 20-30% more labor intensive to build.

How do you calculate the square footage of a hip roof?

To calculate the square footage of a hip roof:

1. Measure the width and length of each exterior wall
2. Add the square footage of the four sides together
3. Multiply this total by an adjustment factor of 1.15 to account for roof slope
   The final number estimates the total hip roof square footage.

Can hip roofs support solar panels?

Yes, with careful planning, solar panels can be installed on a hip roof. However, the central angled ridge can limit the usable solar surface. Panels may need to be smaller and set up over multiple roof planes. Gable roofs offer more consolidated solar panel mounting space.

What is a cross hipped roof?

A cross hipped roof contains twointersecting hip structures at perpendicular angles. The two hips are of equal sizes and intersect at a crossed ridge. This complex roof shape allows drainage off all sides and has decorative value. But cross hip roofs require very intricate framing.

Conclusion

Hip and gable roofs both have their advantages and disadvantages. Evaluating the roof shape along with factors like climate, budget, design, and home style will lead to the best decision. In regions with heavy snowfall, hip roofs often outperform gable alternatives while hot areas benefit from gable ventilation. Aesthetic preferences and architectural styles also dictate the ideal roof form. By understanding the core differences in structure, cost, looks, and performance, homeowners can make an informed choice between these two classic roof designs. With proper installation and maintenance, both hip and gable roofs can protect your home for decades to come.