Adding a deck to your home can greatly enhance your outdoor living space and provide an inviting area to relax, dine, or entertain. However, decks are a significant investment, so it’s important to understand the costs involved before starting your project. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll break down the key factors that influence deck building costs and provide average price ranges so you can budget accurately.
Deck Size and Layout
The overall size and layout of your deck will have a major impact on the final cost. Larger, more complex designs will require more materials and labor. Here are some size considerations:
- Small (100-300 sq ft): A cozy 10′ x 10′ or 10′ x 20′ deck can cost $1,500-$4,500. Simple rectangular shapes keep costs down.
- Medium (300-600 sq ft): For entertaining, a 15′ x 20′ or 20′ x 20′ deck runs $4,500-$10,000. Consider multi-level designs.
- Large (600+ sq ft): Expansive decks are $10,000+, with intricate shapes and details. A 20′ x 30′ deck for lots of furniture and guests will be towards the high end.
The shape also affects the budget. Straightforward rectangles and squares are most affordable. Multi-level decks, curves, angles, and integrated planter boxes will boost costs.
Finally, access needs like stairs and railings around elevated decks require more materials and expertise, for $2,000-$6,000 more.
Decking Material Choices
Decking boards make up a significant portion of your deck’s cost. From natural wood to composites, here are the most popular options with average installed costs:
- Pressure-Treated Pine: A budget-friendly standard at $3-$7 per sq ft installed. Lasts 10-15 years.
- Cedar: Beautiful natural wood but expensive at $9-$13 per sq ft. Long-lasting for 20+ years.
- Redwood: Similar to cedar but more expensive, $10-$15 per sq ft. Can last 30+ years.
- Trex: Composite decking for $8-$12 per sq ft installed. Never needs staining. Lasts 25+ years.
- TimberTech: Slightly more than Trex at $10-$14 per sq ft. Many colors and textures available.
- IPE: Expensive, premium hardwood. $14-$18 per sq ft installed. Gorgeous appearance and highly durable.
Choosing upscale decking materials like Ipe wood can increase your total deck costs dramatically. Pressure-treated pine is the most budget-friendly option. Composites offer a good balance of affordability and low-maintenance.
Labor Costs
Professional deck construction also represents a significant portion of your overall budget. Labor will account for 50-60% or more of the total cost of your deck. The more complex your design, the more labor it will require. Here are estimates for deck builders’ rates:
- Carpenter: $40-$60 per hour
- Decking Contractor: $50-$100 per hour
- Handyman: $30-$50 per hour
A medium 200 sq ft deck would take 10-25 hours for a professional deck builder to construct. At $50 per hour, that’s $500-$1,250 in labor fees alone. For more intricate designs, expert deck builders charge $6,000-$15,000+ for their services. Always get multiple quotes.
You can save substantially on labor by building the deck yourself. But this is only realistic if you have the necessary DIY skills, time, and help from friends. Be sure to account for material delivery fees and rental equipment too.
Permits and Codes
Most areas require permits and inspections for deck construction, adding $200-$500 in fees. There may also be specific zoning laws and codes for details like railing height, spacing between boards, and allowable materials. Having a contractor handle the permitting process is advisable.
The cost to meet local codes and requirements can really add up. For example, if your city requires support beams every 4 feet instead of the standard 6 feet, that’s 25-30% more in materials. Technical drawings from an architect may also be required.
Accessories and Enhancements
The “little things” can put your deck over the top visually and functionally. Here are some popular add-ons with price ranges:
- Railings: $45-$80 per linear foot for basic cable or wood railings. Ornate metal railings are $100+ per linear foot.
- Lighting: Low voltage LED deck lighting costs $25-$50 per linear foot installed. Add $500+ for a wired electrical outlet on the deck.
- Pergola: For shade on part of the deck, wood pergolas are $2,000-$5,000. High-end motorized units run $10,000+.
- Hot Tub: Budget $4,000+ for the hot tub itself. Electrical and plumbing work will cost more.
- Speakers: Outdoor speakers are $50-$300 each. Pay $200+ to wire them and add audio controls.
- Heaters: Propane or electric heaters provide comfort on cool nights for $300-$2,000 depending on capacity and features.
- Fire pit: Prefab fire pits cost $300-$1,500. Custom built-in units run $1,500-$5,000.
While not essential, amenities like integrated bench seating, planters, drink rails, and mood lighting create an upscale outdoor oasis. The sky’s the limit when it comes to deck accessories and upgrades.
Additional Cost Factors to Consider
Here are a few other variables that can impact the total expense of your deck installation:
- Site Prep and Grading: For sloped yards, earthwork and excavation improves drainage and lays the groundwork for a level deck at $25-$50 per sq ft.
- Footings and Foundations: Concrete piers or screw pilings to stabilize the frame add $10-$25 per sq ft.
- Fasteners and Hardware: High-quality joist hangers, fasteners, and connectors minimize structural issues down the road. Upgrade costs are $5-$10 per sq ft.
- Insurance: Your contractor should have general liability insurance. Make sure this cost isn’t passed on to you.
- Sealer and Protection: Sealers and waterproofing treatments can extend the lifespan of wood decking for $0.75-$1.50 per sq ft.
- Demolition and Removal: Taking down an old deck before the new build adds $1,000-$4,000 or more depending on size and access. Disposal fees apply too.
Average Cost to Build a Deck
With so many variables, deck installation costs can range dramatically. However, focusing on a mid-range composite deck, here are the approximate averages:
- Basic Wood Deck: $15-$30 per sq ft ($7,500 for a 250 sq ft deck)
- Mid-Range Composite Deck: $25-$45 per sq ft ($10,000 for a 300 sq ft deck)
- High-End Wood Deck: $45-$100+ per sq ft ($20,000+ for a 400+ sq ft multi-level deck)
As a rule of thumb, basic wood decking runs $15-$25 per square foot while composites are $25-$40 per square foot. Advanced wood species cost $35+ per square foot. Any custom features, accessories, railings, and stairs add more.
A professional contractor handles permitting and performs the full installation for an average all-in cost of $50-$75 per sq ft. DIYers can cut that number in half for labor but take on much more time and responsibility.
In the end, your total cost depends on the size, layout, materials, accessories, site conditions, and choice of builder. Careful planning and budgeting ensures your dream deck becomes a reality.
Factors That Impact Deck Cost
Building a deck is a significant investment, so it’s crucial to understand what factors impact the overall cost. Here are the key considerations to account for in your deck budget:
Deck Size
The overall square footage is the primary cost driver. Larger decks require more materials and longer construction time:
- Small decks less than 200 sq ft can be built for $2,000-$5,000.
- Medium decks in the 300-500 sq ft range often cost $6,000-$15,000.
- Large decks over 500 sq ft can be $20,000+.
Measure your space carefully to get an accurate materials estimate. Also account for multiple levels and shape complexity.
Decking Material
Deck boards make up a big portion of total costs. Pressure-treated pine is the most affordable, while exotic hardwoods are premium:
- Pressure-Treated Pine – $3-$7 per sq ft
- Cedar & Redwood – $9-$15 per sq ft
- Composites – $8-$12 per sq ft
- Ipe – $14-$18 per sq ft
Composite and plastic decking lasts longer with less maintenance than natural wood too.
Labor Costs
Professional deck builder rates range from $35 per hour for a handyman up to $100 per hour for specialized deck contractors. The more intricate your design, the more labor hours required.
DIY does cut costs but is a major time commitment. Make sure to account for equipment rentals and material delivery fees too.
Permits & Codes
Most areas require deck permits and inspections. There are also specific codes for railing height, spacing, footings and more. These can add $200-$500+ in unexpected costs. Know your local requirements.
Accessories & Enhancements
While not essential, items like integrated benches, lighting, pergolas, planter boxes, and railings greatly enhance the space for $2,000-$10,000 more.
Site Conditions
Sloping yards or poor drainage might require grading, excavation or a raised foundation adding $1,000+ to costs. Difficult access for equipment also boosts labor time.
Demolition & Removal
Taking down an old deck can cost $2,000-$4,000 before the new build. This is necessary though to address any structural issues.
Careful planning and budgeting for all these factors ensures your dream deck becomes a reality.
Deck Building Process Step-by-Step
Constructing a deck is a complex process that requires accurate measurements, advanced carpentry skills, and strict adherence to local building codes. Here is a step-by-step overview:
Planning and Permits
First, develop a detailed deck plan including dimensions, layout, materials, stairs, and railing height. Then acquire all required building permits and have utility lines marked. Permit costs vary by location but typically run $200-$500.
Site Preparation
Prep the site by clearing vegetation, removing topsoil, re-grading areas with poor drainage, and excavating for footings or piers. For sloped yards, this grading work minimizes pooling water under the deck.
Install Footings
Dig and pour concrete footings or install screw pilings at the specified depth based on frost lines and soil conditions in your area. These footings support the deck frame and prevent shifting.
Frame the Deck
Construct the deck frame from pressure-treated lumber including the joists, beams, and ledger board attached to the house. Use galvanized hardware and proper joist spacing.
Add Decking Boards
Installation decking boards across the frame. Use screws or hidden fasteners for a seamless look. Make sure spacing meets code and allows for drainage between boards.
Build Railings
Install deck railings around the perimeter and stairs. Height must meet local code requirements, often 36-42 inches high above the decking.
Add Stairs
Stairs require careful framing and integration with railings for safe access. Consistent riser height and tread depth are critical.
Final Touches
Add benches, planters, lighting and other accessories as desired. Perform a final inspection to get your certificate of occupancy before enjoying your new deck!
Professional deck builders have optimized systems to complete these steps efficiently. Performing the work yourself requires significant expertise and effort to meet code. Either way, the end result is an incredible outdoor living space to enjoy for decades to come.
How Long Does It Take to Build a Deck?
Another consideration beyond cost when planning your deck project is construction time. Professional deck builders typically require the following timeframes:
- Wooden Deck
- Small (up to 300 sq ft): 3-5 days
- Medium (300 – 500 sq ft): 5-7 days
- Large (500+ sq ft): 7-14 days
- Composite Deck
- Small (up to 300 sq ft): 4-6 days
- Medium (300 – 500 sq ft): 7-10 days
- Large (500+ sq ft): 10-14 days
The construction process involves:
- 1-2 days for demolition of old deck and site prep
- 1-2 days to install footings and frame the deck
- 2-3 days for decking installation
- 1-2 days for railings, stairs, and final details
Multi-level decks, curved shapes, and integrated accents will add even more time. Be sure to account for permit approval and inspections which can drag out the timeline 1-2 weeks.
Going the DIY route generally takes at least 50% longer, or up to 4-6 weeks for larger decks. The process for a beginner is very slow and labor-intensive. Hiring a professional streamlines the project versus learning on the job.
Deck Maintenance Costs
While your deck is a major upfront investment, maintenance is essential to maximize its lifespan and appearance. Here are typical annual maintenance costs:
Cleaning
- Power washing: $200-$300
- Cleaning products: $50-$150
Sealing
- Wood sealer: $100-$300 every 1-2 years
- Composite sealer: $100 every 3-5 years
Repairs
- Replacing damaged boards: $50-$500
- Hardware repairs: $200-$1,000
- Refastening loose boards: $300-$800
Visual Upgrades
- Repainting or re-staining: $1,000-$3,000 every 5-7 years
- Refinishing railings: $500-$2,000
Neglecting routine maintenance can lead to long-term structural and aesthetic issues. Set aside 5-10% of initial deck costs annually for upkeep.
Should I Build or Buy a Deck?
Is it better to build a custom deck or purchase a pre-fabricated kit? Here’s an overview of the pros and cons:
Custom Built Deck
Pros:
- Fully customized size, shape and height
- Choice of high-end decking materials
- Integrates flawlessly with your home
- Built to match local building codes
Cons:
- Requires months of planning and permits
- Very labor intensive installation
- Higher upfront cost
Prefab Deck Kit
Pros:
- Fast and easy DIY installation
- Low upfront cost from $1,000-$5,000
- Avoid permitting process in some areas
Cons:
- Limited size and layout options
- Difficult to match with home design
- Durability concerns with cheaper materials
For most homeowners, a professionally built custom deck is worth the added investment for superior quality, aesthetics, and longevity. But prefab kits are a viable option for basic DIY projects allowing you to avoid permits.
New Deck vs Deck Remodel: Key Considerations
You can either build a completely new deck or remodel and upgrade your existing deck. Here’s how to choose:
New Deck
- Design exactly what you want from scratch
- Correct any structural issues from old deck
- Disruption during demolition and new construction
Deck Remodel
- Reuse any sound footings/frame to save costs
- Preserve layout familiarity and avoid rebuild waste
- Upgrade worn or outdated materials only
- Limited to working with original footprint and issues
If your current deck has extensive problems like sinking footings, warped boards, or rot, starting fresh often makes the most sense. But for a deck that’s structurally sound, you can resurface, refresh the railings, and make it like new again more affordably.
Make sure to inspect the underlying foundation closely when deciding between new vs. remodel. Addressing major structural issues is critical.
Design Trends
Looking for inspiration? Here are some of the most popular deck design trends:
- Multi-level decks – Break up the space into separate gathering areas or tiers using stairs.
- Curve shapes – Decks don’t have to be simple rectangles. Add visual interest with curved and rounded edges.
- Fade-resistant composites – New composite materials retain color better while requiring no staining.
- Exotic wood species – Expensive exotic woods like ipe and tigerwood create a tropical look.
- Contrasting railings – Mixing black aluminum railings with natural wood decking is a bold contrast.
- Built-in planters – Integrate planter boxes, benches, and storage lockers for convenience.
- Minimalist design – For contemporary homes, opt for clean lines, hidden fasteners, and fewer details.
–Rustic themes – Incorporate reclaimed barn wood, distressed finishes, and warm lighting for a cozy effect.
Consider your home’s architecture, color schemes, and style when designing the perfect deck. An experienced designer can help blend form and function beautifully.
Hiring a Deck Professional
Installing a quality custom deck requires careful planning, construction expertise, and tools. Therefore, most homeowners sensibly hire a professional deck builder. Here are tips for finding the right pro:
- Get recommendations and read reviews. Talk to neighbors and friends for referrals.
- Verify proper licensing, insurance coverage, and bonding