Philodendron squamiferum, also known as the lizard’s tail philodendron, is a beautiful tropical plant that can be a stunning addition to any indoor plant collection. With large, glossy green leaves and striking aerial roots, P. squamiferum offers unique visual interest whether grown in a hanging basket or trailing as a climber. Learning how to properly care for this exotic houseplant will ensure it remains healthy and continues producing its ornate foliage.
Overview of Philodendron Squamiferum
Philodendron squamiferum is a vining aroid in the Araceae family originating from the rainforests of South America. This philodendron species is identified by its olive green leaves with defined white veins and reddish-brown undersides. As a juvenile, the leaves have a paddle-like shape, developing into a deeply lobed, squamiferous (scale-like) appearance as the plant matures.
One of the most distinct features of P. squamiferum are the aerial roots that grow from the stem and extend down towards the soil. These allow the plant to climb up trees and other surfaces in its native habitat. Indoors, the aerial roots give this philodendron an exotic, tropical look.
Some key facts about Philodendron squamiferum:
- Native to rainforests of Ecuador, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil
- Part of the Araceae plant family along with other philodendrons and many aroids
- Grows best in indirect light and high humidity
- Can climb up to 15 ft in height in the wild
- Has unique bipinnate leaves that change shape as the plant matures
- Produces showy aerial roots along the stem
With the proper care, P. squamiferum makes an eye-catching addition to a bright, warm indoor space. Its lush foliage cascades beautifully from a hanging basket and its vining stems with aerial roots make a stunning display when allowed to climb up a moss pole or trellis.
How to Grow Philodendron Squamiferum
Providing the right growing conditions is key to successfully growing Philodendron squamiferum indoors. This includes choosing an appropriate location, using the proper potting mix, watering correctly, and maintaining proper humidity.
Light Requirements
Philodendron squamiferum thrives best in bright, indirect light. Although it can tolerate low light conditions, the plant will become leggy and lose its ornamental appeal without adequate brightness.
When growing P. squamiferum, choose an east or west facing window where it will receive a few hours of gentle sunlight filtered through a sheer curtain. Avoid direct southern sun exposure as it can scorch the foliage. Under the bright indirect light of an east or west window, the philodendron will produce full, healthy leaves and maintain its vibrancy.
Watering and Soil
Philodendron squamiferum prefers a well-draining, moist growing medium. Use a quality potting mix specifically formulated for tropical plants, or create your own mix containing equal parts potting soil, peat moss or coco coir, and perlite. The addition of perlite and moss helps increase aeration and prevent soggy soil.
Water thoroughly when the top inch or two of soil become dry, taking care not to oversaturate the potting mix. Allow excess water to drain out the bottom of the pot after irrigating. Reduce watering frequency in the winter when growth slows. The leaves will begin to droop and yellow if the plant stays too wet.
Humidity
High humidity is critical for P. squamiferum to mimic its native tropical environment. Maintain humidity levels between 60-80% around the plant. Set the pot on a pebble tray, mist the leaves daily, or use a humidifier to elevate moisture in the air. Low humidity can cause leaf tip browning or yellowing of the foliage.
Temperature
Philodendron squamiferum thrives in warm indoor temperatures between 65-80°F (18-27°C). Avoid drafty locations as cold air can shock the plant. Move the philodendron away from air vents, doors, or windows that may expose it to chilly breezes or temperatures below 60°F.
Fertilizer
To fuel growth and healthy foliage, feed P. squamiferum with a balanced liquid fertilizer diluted to half strength during the spring and summer. Fertilize monthly, discontinuing in the fall and winter when plant growth naturally slows. Flushing the soil occasionally will prevent buildup of mineral salts.
Supporting Growth
The climbing stems and aerial roots of Philodendron squamiferum need vertical support to grow upwards. Provide a moss pole, trellis, or other structure for the vining philodendron to attach itself to. As the aerial roots extend, gently train them towards the support. The stem can also be pinned in place using plant clips.
Pot Size
Choose a pot that accommodates the expanding root system of P. squamiferum but isn’t too large to cause the soil to stay wet. A 12 inch hanging basket or pot will provide sufficient room for growth. Repot every 2 years in the spring when the roots have filled out the container.
How to Propagate Philodendron Squamiferum
Philodendron squamiferum can be propagated by stem cuttings or through division.
Stem Cuttings
Stem cuttings are the easiest method for propagating P. squamiferum. Follow these steps:
- Use a clean, sharp knife or pruners to cut a stem with 3-4 leaves just below a node.
- Optional – Dip the end of the cutting in rooting hormone powder to encourage growth.
- Plant the cutting in a small pot filled with potting mix, peat moss, or water.
- Keep the soil moist and provide bright indirect light. Roots and new growth will emerge in 4-8 weeks.
Division
A mature philodendron squamiferum can be divided to produce new plants:
- Carefully remove the plant from its pot and gently tease the root ball apart using your hands or a knife.
- Each division should have a few leaves and roots attached.
- Pot up each section in its own container using fresh potting mix.
- Water well and grow under bright indirect light until established.
Dividing P. squamiferum is best done during the spring. Allow divisions several months to regrow before attempting to divide again.
Common Problems When Growing Philodendron Squamiferum
When provided with its preferred growing conditions, Philodendron squamiferum is generally robust and trouble-free. However, it can be impacted by a few potential problems.
Yellowing Leaves
If the foliage starts turning yellow, it is often caused by overwatering, low light, or insufficient nutrients. Check that the plant is not being overwatered and allow the top of the soil to dry out between waterings. Move to a brighter location or use fertilizer to provide nutrients if needed.
Leaf Tip Browning
Dry, crispy brown edges on the leaves indicate low humidity. Increase humidity around the plant through misting, pebble trays, or a humidifier. Also ensure temperatures do not drop too low.
Drooping Leaves
Underwatering causes the leaves of P. squamiferum to become limp and droop. Check the soil and water thoroughly if the top few inches become dry. Drooping can also be caused by overwatering, so allow excess moisture to drain out.
Few New Leaves
Inadequate light will result in sparse foliage growth. Move the philodendron to a brighter location with several hours of indirect sunlight. Lack of new leaves can also be caused by cool temperatures below 65°F.
Leggy Growth
If the stems become long and leggy with sparse leaves, it is a sign of insufficient light. Move the plant to a brighter location or provide supplemental lighting to encourage fuller growth.
Potting Issues
Slow draining soil and oversized pots that cause moisture to remain too long will lead to root rot. Repot in a better draining mix and appropriately sized container if wet soil is an issue.
With the proper care, most problems with P. squamiferum can be avoided. Pay close attention to providing this tropical plant what it needs to thrive.
How to Design With Philodendron Squamiferum
The unique scalloped leaves and showy aerial roots of Philodendron squamiferum make it a beautiful design choice indoors. Here are some tips for using P. squamiferum in home decor:
- Show off the trailing aerial roots by growing in a hanging basket or elevated high planter.
- Let the vining stems trail down a shelf or top of a bookcase for a jungle look.
- Place in front of a bright window and train upward on a moss pole or trellis.
- Contrast the dark green leaves with lighter colored pots and decor.
- Mix with other trailing tropicals like pothos or hoya in a plant stand.
- Use as a centerpiece on an entryway table or desk.
- Accent with decorative support structures like copper plant poles.
- Coordinate with furnishings in green, white, brown, and natural wood tones.
- Highlight the white leaf veins by placing in front of a dark wall.
With proper care and strategic placement, Philodendron squamiferum can become the star of your indoor plant collection. Use its vines, trailing aerial roots, and uniquely shaped leaves to create a lush, tropical feel.
Frequently Asked Questions About Growing Philodendron Squamiferum
Can P. Squamiferum be grown outdoors in my garden?
Unfortunately, Philodendron squamiferum is an indoor plant. It lacks tolerance to low temperatures and frost, so it can only be grown as a houseplant or conservatory specimen. Attempting to grow it outside in most climates will result in the foliage being damaged.
How large of a container does P. Squamiferum need?
A 12 inch pot or hanging basket provides sufficient room for P. squamiferum to grow. Avoid overpotting in too large of a container, as the excess soil moisture can cause root rot. Replant in a slightly larger pot every 2 years.
What causes the leaves to turn yellow?
Yellow leaves are most commonly caused by overwatering or insufficient light. Allow the soil to partially dry between waterings and move the plant to a brighter location to improve yellowing foliage. Low humidity and cool temperatures can also cause yellowing.
Does this philodendron require pruning?
Pruning is not required, but selectively trimming the philodendron promotes bushier growth. Use clean shears to prune off any damaged or unsightly growth. Pruning helps maintain its ornamental shape and form.
How do I raise the humidity for my Philodendron squamiferum?
Use a humidifier, pebble tray, or frequent misting to increase humidity around your P. squamiferum. These plants prefer consistent 60-80% humidity. Grouping plants together also helps elevate moisture levels through transpiration.
What are the aerial roots for?
The aerial roots growing along the vining stems are used to cling and climb up trees in the tropical jungle. Indoors, they don’t serve a purpose but add visual appeal. Gently train the roots to grow towards a support.
Can P. squamiferum be grown in an office or indoor space without a window?
Philodendrons are moderately tolerant of artificial lighting, but lack of natural sunlight will limit their growth. Provide supplemental grow lights for 12-14 hours per day if no sunlight is available. Light requirements are higher for this plant than heartleaf philodendrons.
Are philodendron squamiferum plants toxic?
Like many aroids, all parts of P. squamiferum contain insoluble calcium oxalates that can cause skin and eye irritation. The plant should be kept out of reach from children and pets to avoid ingestion. Wash hands after contact with the foliage.
Final Thoughts on Caring for Philodendron Squamiferum
With its tropical appeal and cascading aerial roots, Philodendron squamiferum makes a striking addition to indoor plant collections. Although originating from steamy South American jungles, this exotic aroid can be grown successfully indoors when provided sufficient bright, indirect light, warm temperatures, high humidity, and a well-draining growing medium. Allow the climbing stems to attach to supports to showcase the unique foliage and aerial root structures. Pay close attention to proper watering and humidity to keep your P. squamiferum healthy and vibrant. When given the proper care, this low-maintenance yet visually impressive philodendron will thrive for years.