Laminate flooring has become an increasingly popular flooring option for many homeowners due to its durability, affordability, and easy maintenance. An important component of any laminate flooring installation is the underlayment, which provides a smooth, even foundation for the laminate planks as well as sound dampening and moisture protection. Here is an in-depth look at everything you need to know about laminate underlayment before starting your installation project.
Types of Underlayment for Laminate Flooring
There are several different types of underlayment available for laminate flooring, each with their own benefits and drawbacks. The three main categories are:
Foam Underlayment
Foam underlayment, typically made from recycled polymers, is one of the most common and affordable options. It comes in rolls and provides a basic cushioning layer. While inexpensive, foam underlayment offers minimal sound insulation. It compresses over time and is not highly durable.
Felt Underlayment
Felt or fiber underlayment is made from recycled fibers such as wool. It is a thin, flexible material that provides cushioning and insulation from noise. Felt underlays are more durable than foam options. However, they still compress over time and do not offer moisture protection.
Cork Underlayment
Cork underlayment is made from the bark of the cork oak tree. It is a natural material known for providing anti-microbial and moisture wicking properties. Cork is also very durable and provides excellent indentation resistance. However, it is more expensive than synthetic foam or felt underlays.
Key Factors to Consider
There are several key factors to take into account when selecting the right underlayment for your laminate flooring installation:
Noise Insulation
Thicker underlayments made from cork or rubber provide the best protection against noise transmission. This is especially important for second floor or basement installations. Foam and thin felt underlays offer minimal noise insulation.
Moisture Protection
Cork and rubber underlayments provide moisture barriers to prevent damage to laminate floors from spills, humidity, or subfloor moisture. Felt and foam underlays do not offer moisture protection.
Indentation Resistance
Underlayment must be able to resist compression and indentation from furniture legs or appliances over time. Cork rates best for indentation resistance, followed by thick felt, with foam being the least resistant.
Compatibility with Radiant Heat Systems
If installing over radiant heating, the underlayment must be rated for use with radiant heat systems. Cork and specially designed foam underlays are commonly used.
Environmental Factors
Cork and felt are natural, eco-friendly underlayment materials. Foam underlays typically contain recycled content but are still plastic-based.
Proper Installation Techniques
Proper installation of your laminate flooring underlayment is just as important as selecting the right product. Here are some top tips for correct underlayment installation:
- Always follow the manufacturer’s recommended installation guidelines.
- Underlayment should provide wall-to-wall coverage with no gaps.
- Butt edges together tightly without overlapping. Tape seams if needed.
- Run the underlayment in the same direction that your laminate planks will run.
- Use an underlayment-rated adhesive for extra moisture protection.
- Carefully trim the underlayment around fixtures or radiant heating vents.
- Never leave exposed edges of underlayment underneath finished laminate boards.
FAQs
What thickness underlayment should I use?
For general laminate installations, a 2-3mm thick underlayment is recommended. For sound insulation, use 4-6mm underlays. Follow manufacturer guidelines for minimum thicknesses.
Is underlayment necessary for laminate flooring?
Yes, underlayment is an essential component of laminate floor installations. It prevents damage from moisture and provides a smooth, even subfloor surface.
Can laminate flooring be installed over existing flooring?
In most cases, existing flooring like vinyl or wood must be removed before installing new underlayment and laminate.EXCEPTION: You can install laminate over a single layer of non-cushioned vinyl, linoleum, or ceramic tile if the subfloor is smooth.
Should underlayment go under or over any vapor barriers?
Always install vapor barriers like plastic sheeting first on concrete subfloors, then add underlayment on top. Never overlay vapor barriers with laminate.
Can I use carpet padding as an underlayment for laminate?
No, standard carpet padding is not suitable or recommended for laminate installations. It lacks the proper density and moisture-protection qualities.
Conclusion
Installing the proper underlayment provides a critical foundation for long-lasting, high-performing laminate floors. Be sure to factor in the thickness, noise insulation, moisture protection, and indentation resistance you need for your specific project. With the right underlayment selected and installed correctly, your new laminate flooring can provide many years of beauty and enjoyment.