A roof replacement is one of the most important home improvement projects a homeowner can undertake. Your roof protects your most valuable asset, your home, from the elements. Learning the basics of roof replacement will help ensure you make the best decisions for your home’s roofing needs.
Why Replace Your Roof?
There are a few key reasons you may need to replace your roof:
Age
Most roofing materials last 15-30 years before needing replacement. If your roof is approaching or past this lifespan, it’s a good idea to consider replacement to avoid leaks or other damage. Asphalt shingles, for example, become brittle and lose their waterproofing ability over time.
Damage
Severe weather, fallen branches, and other impacts can damage roofing materials. Wind can tear off shingles, while hail can dent metal roofing. If you have more than a few damaged shingles or tiles, roof replacement may be your best bet.
Leaks
Once your roof’s waterproofing ability is compromised, leaks can occur. Leaks lead to moisture getting into attics, walls, and ceilings, potentially causing mold, rot, and structural issues. Stopping leaks at their source through roof replacement is wise.
Roofing Material Options
You have several options when it comes to choosing a new roofing material. Consider climate, budget, and aesthetic preferences when deciding which is right for your home.
Asphalt Shingles
The most popular roofing material in the U.S., asphalt shingles are inexpensive,easy to install, and available in many colors and styles. Their lifespan is 15-30 years. Advantages include affordability and variety. Disadvantages include less durability in severe climates.
Metal Roofing
Usually made from steel or aluminum coated with zinc, metal roofs last 40-70+ years and require little maintenance. Metal reflects heat and can withstand high winds, rain, snow, and hail. Disadvantages include higher upfront cost and noise during rainstorms.
Tile Roofing
Clay and concrete tiles last more than 50 years. Tile roofs are fire-resistant and provide excellent weather protection. Their weight requires a strong roof support structure. Tile is more expensive to purchase and install than asphalt or metal.
Slate Roofing
Slate roofing tiles can last over 100 years. This natural stone material offers unparalleled durability along with a classic, prestigious look. Slate is very heavy and expensive. Professional installation is a must.
Wood Shakes/Shingles
Cedar and other woods make for attractive, natural-looking roofs that can last 30+ years. Wood needs periodic sealing and is combustible, so fire resistance must be considered. The cost is higher than asphalt but lower than slate or tile.
Key Steps of Replacing a Roof
Replacing a roof is a complex, demanding project best left to roofing professionals. DIY is possible for minor repairs only. The basic process includes:
Inspection and Planning
A roofing contractor will inspect your roof and determine the best replacement options. They will work with you to select materials and colors and develop a work plan based on home layout, local building codes, weather, and other factors.
Permit Application
Most jurisdictions require permits for roof replacements. Your contractor will apply for the proper permits on your behalf. Permits are approved based on submitted plans and local code compliance.
Roof Teardown
The old roof is removed entirely down to the roof deck and any rotted decking replaced. Proper disposal of old roofing materials is arranged.
Roof Installation
The bottom layer of underlayment is installed across the roof deck, followed by the main waterproof layer (shingles, metal, etc.). Flashing, vents, and other elements are installed.
Finishing Details
Final details like the drip edge and roof edging are put in place. The attic and exterior are cleaned up thoroughly. Gutters and downspouts are reinstalled.
Inspection and Payment
Once complete, the local building department inspects the new roof for proper permitting and code compliance. You then make the final payment to your contractor.
How Much Does a New Roof Cost?
Roof replacement costs range from $6,000 to $20,000+ depending on:
- Roof size/pitch/accessibility
- Materials chosen
- Amount of roof tear-off required
- Climate and labor costs in your area
- Special needs like chimney flashing or skylights
Asphalt shingles are the most budget-friendly option. Expect to pay $250-350 per square (100 sq ft) installed. Higher-end materials like slate or tile cost $700+ per square installed.
Get multiple quotes to find the best value roofing contractor for your particular roof’s needs. Those charging below market rates often cut corners.
Choosing a Professional Roofer
It’s smart to have an established, specialized roofing company handle your replacement. Look for:
- Solid reputation with many local references
- Years or decades of proven experience
- Extensive manufacturer certifications
- Excellent rating and reviews with organizations like BBB
- Strong warranty on workmanship and materials
- Evidence of proper licensing and insurance
Beware of door-to-door salesmen offering unbelievably low-cost deals. Stick with seasoned pros who back their work and materials with written guarantees.
Signs You Need a New Roof Now
While most roofs deteriorate slowly over decades, certain issues require urgent roof replacement to prevent severe damage. Call a roofer immediately if you see:
- Major sagging areas of the roof deck
- Ponding water that won’t drain off the roof
- Multiple leaks or saturated insulation/drywall
- Large missing or torn off sections of roof
- Severe cracks/warps/damage to roof materials
- Significant mold/moisture stains on interior ceilings
- Daylight visible through roof cracks/gaps
Make temporary repairs if needed, but major roof problems won’t improve without professional replacement. Waiting too long leads to irreparable water damage or roof collapse.
Roof Type Matters
The seamless integration of new and old roofing during replacement depends on existing roof type:
Shingle Roofs
Tear-off is nearly always required to install new asphalt or other shingles evenly across the entire surface. This allows inspection and repair of any deteriorated decking. Some synthetic shingles can overlay 1-2 existing layers.
Metal Roofs
Standing seam metal roofing can often be installed over an existing metal roof. This avoids tear-off waste but requires careful inspection of the underlying roof’s condition first.
Flat Roofs
Layers of flat roofing may be overlaid if the deck is sturdy enough. This saves time and money but can only be done 1-2 times before full replacement is needed.
If unsure about your roof type or overlay options, ask your contractor for their inspection-based recommendations.
Should I DIY or Hire a Roofer?
Homeowners comfortable doing basic carpentry can replace a few damaged shingles themselves. But roof replacements usually require professional expertise:
Consider DIY for:
- Replacing a couple damaged shingles
- Minor repairs like flashed or caulking
- Cleaning gutters and roof debris
Leave to the pros:
- Full shingle, metal, flat, or specialty roof tear-off and installation
- Roof deck repair or reinforcement
- Flashing around vents, chimneys, valleys, joints
- Structural assessments and permitting
- Hauling away old roofing debris
Take on only what you’re truly equipped for. Roofing work at height is inherently hazardous. One misstep can lead to injury or worse.
Timing Your Roof Replacement
Ideally, schedule your roof replacement during fair weather months when temperatures are above 45°F (7°C) and dry conditions persist. Avoid seasons prone to rain, ice, or storms.
Spring and fall are often ideal roofing windows in many regions. Summers can get extremely hot on tear-off days. Winters bring weather delays and safety concerns.
Talk with your contractor about scheduling based on weather norms in your area. They can often be flexible if circumstances allow.
Maximize Your New Roof Investment
Your new roof will protect your home for decades, so it pays to make the most out of your investment. Some tips:
- Consider lighter colored shingles that better reflect sunlight and reduce cooling costs.
- Look for shingle warranties offering free replacement for up to 50 years for extra peace of mind.
- Inspect your roof yearly and have the roofer make minor repairs as needed to maximize lifespan.
- Install ridge vents, roof turbines, and other features to keep the attic cooler and improve air circulation.
- Remove overhanging tree branches that could damage the new roof during storms.
- Keep gutters and downspouts clear so water can properly drain off the roof.
Taking actions like these will help you get the most out of your new roof.
Roof Replacement FAQs
Some frequently asked questions about replacing a roof:
How long does it take to replace a roof?
The overall timeline varies based on roof size, materials, weather delays and other factors. Most contractors estimate 1-3 days for tear-off, 1-3 days for installation, and 1 day for cleanup and detailing.
When is the best time of year for roof replacement?
The ideal seasons are spring and fall when weather tends to be driest. Roofing can take place during warmer winter days or summer in some climates. Avoid rainy or stormy periods.
Does my old roof have to be completely torn off?
In most cases, yes. Complete tear-off allows inspection and repair of any rotted or damaged roof decking. It also provides an even surface for proper installation of new shingles or other roofing.
Can I install a new roof over my existing one?
It depends on the roof type and condition. 1-2 layers of shingles may be overlaid before necessitating full tear-off. Metal and flat roofs often allow overlaying if the roof is intact and firmly fastened. An inspection determines if overlay is doable.
How disruptive is getting a new roof?
During work hours you can expect significant noise from tear-off and installation. Debris must be hauled away. The contractor will try to limit indoor dust and disturbance as much as possible. Expect 1-3 days of intensive work.
Should I be home during the roof replacement?
It’s wise to be home at times to discuss any questions that come up and keep an eye on contractors entering your home. But it’s not necessary to supervise full-time once you’ve vetted your contractor thoroughly.
Conclusion
Installing a new roof is a major yet essential investment in your home’s longevity and value. Following the guidance here will help you choose the right roofing material, contractor, and timeline for a smooth replacement resulting in decades of enhanced protection and peace of mind. Researching options, asking questions, and hiring experienced professionals is key to getting a roof overhead you can rely on through all of life’s storms, whatever shape they take.
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